1) I believe the second quote is true. Taking certain pictures of people is like showing a part of them, they may show that part of them normally or it may reveal a secret. If people do not know the reasoning behind your photographs it is doing wrong to them and it gives them a reason to distrust you.
2)Photographs are more about the photographer because they seek out the photo. Without the photographer finding the picture and putting their thoughts into the image then their would be no picture. Each photo the photographer finds interesting and takes reveals more of them personally and it shows their thoughts and thought process and how they see things.
3)I believe Adam's quote is true. Photographs can be staged or cropped to show something in a certain light. An example is during early wars photographers tried to only show certain parts of the war to show all that they were doing as heroic.
4)In a photograph you see everything and it isn't changed to your interpretation on something like with drawing and painting. With drawing and painting someone can leave out details or can paint what they remember, once something is in a photo it is pretty much their besides with Photoshop. Photos can show all details and is not based off of memory of an individual it gives memories to people of the actual scene.